Month: February 2014

A well rounded student

In my first few months at Imperial I learnt that there is something quite special about our students. But I often wondered whether this was due to Imperial or to biomedical engineering. It’s probably a combination of the two, but what my discussion with Professor Clark Hung at Columbia illustrated to me was that there is something special about biomedical engineering students.

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The relative gender equality of undergraduate biomedical engineering is an anomaly in an engineering school that has been consistent at every institution I have visited so far. But it isn’t really that surprising that girl’s would be attracted to a discipline where they can apply their skills and interest in physics and maths to real-life scenarios such as developing a new prosthetic limb, rehabilitation device or an improved drug-delivery mechanism.

The real-life applications of bioengineering whether they are healthcare, sustainability or energy related are real and impactful contributions to society. It is not surprising that many aspiring medics are drawn to the discipline for their undergraduate major of choice pre-med.

At Columbia they take a similar approach to bioengineering as Imperial College London with an emphasis on the quantitative engineering skills first and the biology second. Biomedical engineering students have a wealth of educational demands on their time. At Imperial they cover mechanical engineering, electrical and electronic engineering, core engineering and biomedical engineering in their undergraduate degree. At Columbia they have to balance learning the maths, physics and engineering skills alongside the cell biology and physiology that biomedical engineering demands. They also have additional electives in a broad range of subjects on offer including liberal arts and at Imperial our students have the opportunity to do courses in business, science and society, globalisation through the Imperial Horizons scheme.

Personalised medicine is an area of great interest to the President of Columbia University where globalisation efforts are a focus which is great for the Department of Bioengineering which benefits from a number of cross-Department co-appointments.

Currently students at Columbia choose a track through their undergraduate in either biomechanics, bioimaging or cell and tissue engineering. Giving them more focus in a particular area of bioengineering at Imperial our students on MEng programme choose the mechanical or electrical and electronic engineering tracks for their third and fourth years.

What has become apparent through the institutions I have visited to far is the breadth of information that a biomedical engineering major will learn in their four years at university. I would say it is this wide knowledge base, ability to apply their engineering skills in combination with their strong interpersonal skills which are nurtured through working in a interdisciplinary environment which make bioengineers so unique.

Til’ next post
Jenna

Innovation, invention, industry and impact

Day 2 was the tale of the four I’s innovation, invention, industry and impact.
All words we are aware of in the UK but the people I met at Northeastern University and MIT today are doing things a little bit differently.

From a bioengineering perspective I have already realised that it is a very heterogeneous landscape here in the USA. MIT have their very specific approach BU theres and Northeastern a different approach again.

Northeastern’s Department of Bioengineering was officially founded in January 2014, that’s not a typo that really was last month. Previously there has been, as in other institutions a lot of biomedical engineering research undertaken in different engineering Departments. When considering what ‘bioengineering’ is to Northeastern it is still an evolving entity, but what is special about Northeastern is their co-op and educational outreach programmes.

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Their co-op programme is a 5 year undergraduate degree which involves three 6-month placements in industry. In total the students leave the programme with 18-months of work experience alongside their degree. Through these placements the students have the opportunity to experience different industries or to specialise in one discipline.

This system works well for Northeastern as it is a cross-University programme, they have the people and resources to support it and their location in Boston, surrounded by a number of big companies who can host students in this way. What will be interesting as the bioengineering undergraduate course develops will be how the biomedical engineers compete with the mechanical engineers and the electrical engineers who have, in the absence of biomedical engineers in the co-op scheme, been doing placements in orthopaedic companies, prosthetics, medical devices, etc.

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The key points I got from my meeting with Claire Duggan from the Centre for STEM education were that there are a lot of similarities in the UK and US systems regarding the presence of ‘outreach’ in research grants. Students, both undergraduate and postgraduate are great ambassadors and role models for high school students, students when given freedom and support to create new outreach activities can be really creative. STEM outreach in the US is a crowded party that everyone wants to be at, the Centre for STEM education’s approach is through a series of programmes as a framework of delivery. For any HE pathway to impact fanatics reading this you’ll also be pleased to hear that the US have the Broader Impacts programme that is spreading through US Universities at the moment.

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I also met with inventor and Professor of Materials Science and Engineering Michael Cima while at MIT. Professor Cima is based in the innovative cancer engineering centre at MIT, known as the Koch Institute. Aside from leading research in the cancer engineering field, for the past 6 years Professor Cima has also been the Faculty Director of the Lemelson-MIT programme. He had a clear passion for encouraging invention or the inventors mind set in young people. The programme of activities run as part of the Lemelson MIT programme has grown over time with Inventeens, inventeams and a number of notable awards. I was interested in Professor Cima’s description about the importance of role model inventors for young people to aspire to be like, when they grow up, and how involvement in the programme doesn’t just give students the practical hands on inventing skills and outlook, but also role models at a number of levels to inspire them.

I will finish of this blog with some wise words from Professor Cima about, in his view the three things that make a great inventor/ innovator:
– curiosity: collecting solutions to problems they haven’t encountered yet
– empathy: uncanny ability to see problem from the users eyes.
– leadership: no one person has all the solutions, they have the ability to recruit the right people with the right skills to solve those problems.

‘Til next post
Jenna

The beginning…

Monday February 24th marked the first day of my two week tour of US bioengineering institutions and a fascinating start it has been.

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I began my day at MIT where Professor Doug Lauffenburger had arranged a comprehensive schedule of meetings for me to gain an insight about bioengineering at MIT.

At MIT they approach bioengineering from the biological angle, as Professor Lauffenburger described to me in the morning each engineering discipline has a scientific knowledge base with a range of applications. However bioengineering has traditionally approached it differently with a broad foundation in a range of disciplines including maths, physics, chemistry and biology but with one primary application area of healthcare/ medicine.

This was an interesting approach that got me thinking about where Imperial fitted within these two approaches. In my opinion Imperial views bioengineering in a more ‘square’ than triangular approach with a broad foundation of science and engineering and a broad range of applications.

Although I sense a lot of similarities between Imperial and MIT the distinct difference between the two institutions was the biological basis of the undergraduate course at MIT compared to the engineering basis of the undergraduate course at Imperial.

While at MIT I also met with Professor Roger Kamm and Professor Ron Weiss, two professors who represent distinctly different areas of bioengineering. Professor Kamm biomechanics and Professor Weiss synthetic biology.

What struck me from the meeting with Professor Weiss was the recognised importance of design in engineering and particularly synthetic and systems biology. Weiss is also one half of the two professor team jointly teaching a course at MIT and UC Berkeley with Professor Adam Arkin via alternating video link.

Professor Kamm introduced the Institute for Medical Engineering and Health (IMES) to me as the MIT equivalent to the Institute of Biomedical Engineering (IBME) at Imperial College London. “IMES aims to accelerate innovation across a spectrum of activities that span discovery, design, and delivery of new medical devices and products” whereas “IBME draws together scientists, medics and engineers to apply their extensive expertise to create revolutionary progress in medical diagnosis and treatment.”

While at MIT I also met with Dan Darling the Industry Outreach Coordinator, Dr Agi Stachowiak and Dr Natalie Kuldell. What was clear from these meetings is the clear comparisons between Imperial and MIT, from provision of summer school programmes, social media management and industry engagement to embedding communication and other transferable skills within academic courses and having vision for development of outreach/ engagement activities. Including the importance of high school education on the development of undergraduate courses.

The second Institutional stop on the tour was Boston University (BU) and their Chair of the Department Professor Solomon Eisenberg. BU have a different approach to bioengineering to MIT, with a biomedical engineering focus and a high number of undergraduate students (545 in 2012-13) compared to the 178 biological engineering majors at MIT and 293 biomedical engineering undergraduates at Imperial.

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The BU Department of Bioengineering is also one of the earliest with foundations in the 1966, another interesting observation about the Department at BU is that it is only one of three engineering Departments at Boston University. The others being Electrical and Computer Engineering and Mechanical Engineering. The Department was also awarded one of the three Whitaker Foundation Leadership Awards back in 1996 alongside Johns Hopkins University and University of California- San Diego.

The Department of Bioengineering at BU also runs a course on Advanced Biomedical Design and Development Project as part of their postgraduate MEng in biomedical engineering. In this course students are immersed in the clinical environment for 6-8 weeks to gain an insight into the clinical area they will be developing a product for.

All in all its been a fascinating first day, lots of parallels with bioengineering in the UK and some expected differences. I for one am excited to see what further insight the rest of the trip has to offer.

‘Til next post
Jenna

Hello world!

The home of Imperial College London Bioengineering
The home of Imperial College London Bioengineering

Hello readers

Welcome to the Imperial Bioengineering Blog. This blog will evolve to cover a whole range of bioengineering, so if you are interested in finding out more about the research, innovations and generally cool stuff that is going on in the Department of Bioengineering at Imperial College London and the discipline more globally then this is the blog for you.

But why, you may wonder has the Department decided to start a blog now? There is a very good reason for this, which I will dedicate the rest of this first blog to answering.

Bioengineering is the fastest growing discipline of engineering. Data from the USA shows that Biomedical Engineering is the “Best job in America” with 10-year job growth of 61.7% and a good median and top pay. But it is more than the job prospects and salary that make biomedical engineering such an attractive profession. Christine Schmidt, a professor of biomedical engineering at the University of Florida was quoted in the CNN piece as saying “You can impact so many lives by creating technology that will repair a hip or help repair eyesight or allow somebody to breathe better.”

It is this that make biomedical engineering such an attractive, necessary and fast growing discipline. Now you have probably noticed I have used both biomedical engineering and bioengineering interchangeably in the last paragraph. I think it is useful in this first post to define what we mean by bioengineering in the Department of Bioengineering here at Imperial.

Bioengineering is the application of engineering principles to biological or medical problems. 

In the Department we go on to further define the three pillars of bioengineering:

Biomedical Engineering Developing devices, techniques and interventions for human health.

Biological Engineering Solving problems related to the life sciences and their applications for health.

Biomimetics Using the structures and functions of living organisms as models for the design and engineering of materials and machines.

Biomedical engineering is also the “most valuable College major” another US statistic, this time from Forbes. Which brings me onto the catalyst for this blog, my imminent trip to the USA to find out more about bioengineering over there.

I fly out on the 23rd February to America for two weeks of meetings to find out more from those at the centre of the discipline. The first few posts on this blog will be about what I learn as I meet some incredible bioengineers all around the US, beginning in Boston and travelling to New York, Baltimore, San Francisco and finishing up in Los Angeles. Please do comment on the blogs especially if you have questions or would like to know more. Below I have listed the Universities I will be visiting on my travels, to those reading this who I will be meeting, I look forward to seeing you soon, for others I look forward to telling you all about it.

  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology
  • Boston University
  • Northeastern University
  • Columbia University
  • Johns Hopkins University
  • Biomedical Engineering Society
  • University of California- Davis
  • Stanford University
  • University of California- Berkeley
  • University of California Los Angeles
  • University of Southern California
  • California Institute of Technology

‘Til next post.

Jenna

Outreach Manager, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London.